Conceptual review on Effects of Application of Nano Particle Inclusion on Tool Wear During Machining of Difficult to Cut Materials

Abstract

Nanofluids are fluids engineered by dispersing nanometer size particle in a base fluid in colloidal state. The paper
discussed the findings on application of nano particle inclusion in conventional cutting fluid during machining of difficult to
cut materials. It is reported in literature that, nanofluids have a much higher and strongly temperature – dependent thermal
conductivity at very low particles concentration than conventional fluids. Also nanofluids have excellent tribological
properties. Aerospace materials are generally considered to be difficult to machine owing to several inherent properties of
the materials. For example, Titanium is a poor conductor of heat. Therefore, high cutting temperatures are generated when
machining titanium alloys and the fact that the high temperatures act close to the cutting edge of the tool is the principal
reason for the rapid tool wear. One of the approaches to address this issue is use of highly thermal conductive fluid, which
can dissipate heat rapidly from cutting zone. It would therefore be of interest to explore the use of nanofluid as cutting fluid
during machining operation of very hard metals. It is observed from various studies that co-efficient of chip tool interface
can be significantly reduced by nanofluid in emulsion of metal cutting fluid.