Smart Traffic Management System: Smart City

Abstract

A smart city is a responsible city where every citizen contributes to the process of improvement of
communication, transportation and security, continuously on a real time basis.The biggest problem what the world is facing
today is traffic jams. Due to the increasing number of vehicles they are not only wasting fuel but also have effected
environment badly.Take an example of delhi according to WHO every year there are 2.2 million deaths only because of the
bad quality of air and the gases released by vehicles play an important role in it. Now in order to avoid this problem we can
usewireless sensor network (WSN). WSNs are very trendy due to their faster transfer of information, easy installation, less
maintenance, compactness and for being less expensive compared to other network options. There are many methods to
move smooth traffic like video data analysis, infrared sensors, inductive loop detection, magnetic detectors, acceleration
detectors etc which can utilize to solve the problem of traffic congestion. Traffic surveillance systems provide data for
building an efficient Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Flexibility, ease in installation and maintenance, low cost and
high accuracy of WSN gives more accurate vehicle detection and classification. ITS are widely researched to improve the
traffic situation. In ITS, vehicle detection system plays a significant role. At present, vehicle detection is often conducted by
inductive loops, which are very expensive and inconvenient to install and maintain. Video camera is another frequently used
detector, but it needs high computing power. In order to solve these problems, this paper focuses on the development of a
roadside magnetic sensor system for vehicle detection. The device is installed at the side of the road and measures traffic in
the adjacent lane (the closest lane to the sensor node). The data are transmitted by the IEEE 802.15.4 communication
protocol(IEEE 802.15.4 is a technical standard which defines the operation of low-rate wireless personal area network (LRWPANs).). These wireless magnet sensors are compact and cost-effective. The devices used in this have high accuracy and
are viable in urban environment.