Performance evaluation of factors affecting cutting forces on CNC Milling using Digraph and Matrix method

Abstract

Machinability aspect is of considerable importance for efficient process planning in manufacturing. Machinability
of an engineering material may be evaluated in terms of the process output variables like material removal rate, processed
surface finish, cutting forces, tool life, specific power consumption, etc. In this paper, graph theoretic approach (GTA) is
proposed to evaluate the cutting force during CNC milling. Cutting force is considered as a machinability attribute during
CNC milling to evaluate the effect of several factors and their subfactors. Factors affecting the cutting force and their
interactions are analyzed by developing a mathematical model using digraph and matrix method. Permanent function or
machinability index is obtained from the matrix model developed from the digraphs. This index value helps in quantifying
the influence of considered factors on cutting force. In the present illustration, factors affecting cutting force during CNC
milling are grouped into five broad factors namely work material, machine tool, cutter runout, penetration strategies, and to ol
geometry to be machined. GTA methodology reveals that the machine tool has highest index value. Therefore, it is the most
influencing factor affecting cutting force.